Trigger Finger
Anatomy of Tendons that Help in Bending the Fingers
The ability to bend the fingers depends on strong tendons that connect the muscles of the forearm and hand to the finger bones. These tendons run along the length of each finger and are guided by fibrous sheaths called pulleys, which keep the tendons close to the bones.
Surrounding each tendon is a synovial membrane called the tenosynovium, which produces fluid that allows the tendons to glide smoothly, reducing friction during finger movement.
What is Trigger Finger?
Trigger finger occurs when inflammation develops in the tenosynovium. This condition, also known as stenosing tenosynovitis, causes one of the fingers or the thumb to become stuck in a bent position.
Often, the finger will snap straight with a noticeable click, similar to pulling and releasing a gun’s trigger, which gives the condition its name.
Causes of Trigger Finger
Trigger finger develops when a nodule forms on the tendon or when the sheath around the tendon thickens. This prevents the tendon from gliding smoothly through the pulleys.
Several factors increase the risk of developing trigger finger, including:
- Repetitive hand and finger movements, such as gripping tools or sports equipment
- Medical conditions like diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, or hypothyroidism
- Age, with most cases occurring in adults between 40 and 60 years
- Women are more commonly affected than men
Signs and Symptoms of Trigger Finger
People with trigger finger may notice:
- Pain or tenderness at the base of the affected finger
- Stiffness, especially in the morning
- A clicking, popping, or snapping sensation when moving the finger
- The finger locking in a bent position in more severe cases
Hand Therapy and Treatment
Hand therapy can help reduce inflammation, improve tendon movement, and restore finger function. Therapy may include splinting, tendon gliding exercises, and guidance on modifying activities that strain the fingers.
If non-surgical treatment is not effective, surgical release of the pulley may be recommended to allow the tendon to move freely.
Hand therapy services are available in hospitals, rehabilitation centers, private clinics, sports medicine facilities, and occupational health centers. A trained hand therapist can assess your condition and provide targeted treatment to relieve pain and restore normal finger movement.
Where Can I Avail the Services of Hand Therapy?
If you are experiencing finger stiffness, pain, or locking, consult a hand therapist or orthopedic specialist for evaluation and treatment. Early intervention can prevent worsening and restore normal finger function.
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