Hand Pain
Hand Anatomy
The hand is made up of nerves, bones, blood vessels, muscles, tendons, and skin, each serving a distinct role.
Nerves transmit sensory information; joints enable movement; ligaments stabilize joints and guide motion. Blood vessels promote proper circulation, muscles generate motion, tendons connect muscles to bones, and sensory nerve endings in the skin detect touch, temperature, and pain.
Hand Injuries
Injury or inflammation (like arthritis, tendonitis, and nerve compression) affecting any of these areas can lead to hand pain. Compression of the nerves that supply these structures may also result in hand pain.
Characteristics of Hand Pain
Hand pain is defined as discomfort affecting the joints and tissues of the hands or fingers. It may present as throbbing or aching sensations and can be accompanied by warmth, tingling, irritation, and stiffness.
Causes
The conditions and disorders that frequently play a role in hand pain include:
- Accidental injury and trauma
- Local hand infections (cellulitis, abscess, septic arthritis)
- Fracture
- Nerve compression
- Tenosynovitis
- Carpal tunnel syndrome
- Strains in muscles and ligaments
- Osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis
- Diabetes and peripheral neuropathy
- Repetitive lifting, twisting, or gripping activities
- Prolonged repetitive hand use or poor ergonomics
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Treatment for Hand Pain
Hand pain is typically managed with rest, anti-inflammatory medications or corticosteroid injections, bracing, and the use of heat or ice. These treatments are often combined with hand therapy with a certified therapist, as well as compression, stretching, and strengthening exercises. Addressing the underlying cause or condition is also necessary.
In cases of persistent hand pain that does not respond to conservative treatments, surgical intervention may be considered.
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